Genetics of Prader-Willi syndrome and Prader-Will-Like syndrome
نویسنده
چکیده
The Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a human imprinting disorder resulting from genomic alterations that inactivate imprinted, paternally expressed genes in human chromosome region 15q11-q13. This genetic condition appears to be a contiguous gene syndrome caused by the loss of at least 2 of a number of genes expressed exclusively from the paternal allele, including SNRPN, MKRN3, MAGEL2, NDN and several snoRNAs, but it is not yet well known which specific genes in this region are associated with this syndrome. Prader-Will-Like syndrome (PWLS) share features of the PWS phenotype and the gene functions disrupted in PWLS are likely to lie in genetic pathways that are important for the development of PWS phenotype. However, the genetic basis of these rare disorders differs and the absence of a correct diagnosis may worsen the prognosis of these individuals due to the endocrine-metabolic malfunctioning associated with the PWS. Therefore, clinicians face a challenge in determining when to request the specific molecular test used to identify patients with classical PWS because the signs and symptoms of PWS are common to other syndromes such as PWLS. This review aims to provide an overview of current knowledge relating to the genetics of PWS and PWLS, with an emphasis on identification of patients that may benefit from further investigation and genetic screening.
منابع مشابه
Dental Management of Patients with Prader Willi Syndrome
Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder which occurs with a frequency of about one in 10,000–30,000 live newborns. Both males and females, and all races are equally affected. PWS is a complex disorder with multiple disabilities, and the main defect is found in the hypothalamus. Child with PWS at the age between 2 and 3 years becomes constantly hungry and if the diet is not controlled,...
متن کاملCytogenetic and molecular studies in the Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes: an overview.
The majority of patients with Angelman syndrome and Prader-Willi syndrome have a cytogenetic and molecular deletion of chromosome 15q11q13 with the primary difference being in the parental origin of deletion. Our current understanding of the cytogenetics and molecular genetics of these 2 clinically distinct syndromes will be discussed in this review.
متن کاملSynchrony of oculocutaneous albinism, the Prader-Willi syndrome, and a normal karyotype.
A Chinese girl with oculocutaneous albinism has the Prader-Willi syndrome and a normal karyotype. This association emphasises the importance of further molecular study of the 15(q12) region of the genome in the search for the locus of an albinism gene.
متن کاملPrader-Willi-like phenotypes: a systematic review of their chromosomal abnormalities.
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is caused by the lack of expression of genes located on paternal chromosome 15q11-q13. This lack of gene expression may be due to a deletion in this chromosomal segment, to maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15, or to a defect in the imprinting center on 15q11-q13. PWS is characterized by hypotonia during the neonatal stage and in childhood, accompanied by a d...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره 21 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2016